西安财经大学学报

新质生产力作为一个全新的概念，为中国的经济和社会发展指明了新的方向，对其内涵与意义的深度发掘至关重要。文章基于生产力的三大构成要件，在挖掘新质生产力长远要求原则下构建其综合评价指标体系，并运用熵值法对中国省域新质生产力发展水平进行测度。研究发现：(1)新质生产力从总体上呈增长趋势，但在南北、四大区域和五大经济带存在显著时空差异；(2)新质生产力在省域之间呈现梯度提升和发展不均衡特点；(3)分维度发现，生产资料对新质生产力提升的贡献度最高，劳动者维度的贡献最低且存在空间极化现象；(4)新质生产力具有显著的集聚效应，主要表现为低—低集聚和高—高集聚，并具有时空收敛性特征。进而提出优化人力资本结构、发挥新质生产力集聚效应和健全区域协调发展机制等政策建议。本文或可加深对中国新质生产力的时空发展格局的认知，为新质生产力培育进而促进经济高质量发展提供新思路。

As a completely new concept, new quality productivity has pointed out a new direction for China's economic and social development, and it is crucial to deeply explore its connotation and significance.This article is based on the three major components of productivity, constructs a comprehensive evaluation index system under the principle of exploring the long-term requirements of new quality productivity, and uses the entropy method to measure the development level of new quality productivity in China's provinces.Research has found that:(1) New quality productivity shows an overall growth trend, but there are significant spatiotemporal differences in the North South, four major regions, and five major economic belts.(2) The new quality productivity shows a gradient increase and uneven development among provinces.(3) It is found that the contribution of means of production to the improvement of new quality productivity is the highest, while the contribution of the labor dimension is the lowest and there is a phenomenon of spatial polarization.(4) New quality productivity has significant agglomeration effects, mainly manifested as low-low low agglomeration and high-high agglomeration, and has spatiotemporal convergence characteristics.Furthermore, policy recommendations are proposed to optimize the structure of human capital, leverage the agglomeration effect of new productive forces, and improve regional coordinated development mechanisms.This article may deepen the understanding of the spatiotemporal development pattern of China's new productive forces, and provide new ideas for cultivating new productive forces and promoting high-quality economic development.